Registry of Treaties & Agreements

THE FOUNDING CHARTER OF SECURS (Treaty of Merlberg)

PREAMBLE

His Royal Majesty the King of New Tarajan, His Highness the Prince of Antanares, His Highness the Grand Duke of Casavarr, Her Majesty the Queen of Aloia, His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of Holy Patrician States,  His Majesty the King of Ermeland, His Excellency the Heir of Orhzov, His Majesty the Emperor of Novo Canuckia and His Majesty the King of Marquette resolved:

I. To affirm their faith in the ideals of the enlightened monarchy and government, as the only way to promote security and prosperity, away from the dangers, violences and suffering caused by all kinds of revolution;

II. To condemn totalitarianism, and expecially communism, as an abomination of ideology, and the extreme threat to the future of mankind;

III. To reject totalitarian and anti-monarchical democracy as a source of corruption, destabilization and inexorable erosion of the fundamental and indispensable values which are the foundation of the society itself;

IV. To promote with all necessary efforts and in all fields the values and principles stated in this preamble and to lead their peoples accordingly;

V. To conduct with all their forces the fight against totalitarianism in all its forms, as the only way to save mankind;

VI. To respect and contribute to the development of International Law, believing in the work of the World Assembly and the Security Council, and offering them their support with an active participation;

VII. To recognize the importance of cooperation, collaboration and integration between all those States which share these ideals;

Have agreed as follows:


Article 1:

All Member States will make every effort in order to promote cooperation, collaboration and integration between them in the field of social, economical, cultural and political matters, following the principles stated in the preamble of this Treaty and the ideals behind them.
They agree to resolve all their disputes with other Member States under the International Law, by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security and justice are not endangered  and appealing, if necessary, to the Court of Justice of the Union.
This goal will be promoted both with common measures by the Assembly and with the foundation of Committees, Commissions and Institutions inside the SECURS.


Article 2:

All Member States agree to consider any kind of attack brought against another Member State as targeted against all Members, including internal and external attacks, taking all the necessary measures in order to stop the threat, recurring also to the use of armed force, if necessary, in accordance with the sovereignty of the attacked State.
All Member States agree to contribute with all necessary efforts to the fight against totalitarianism.
After a previous resolution of the Assembly, if necessary, they could declare war against so called "Threat States", or financing and support rebels movements inside them.

Article 3:

The Assembly is the main body of the SECURS, composed by the Head of State or Government of all Member States.
Its main function is to debate about matters of common interest, providing a forum and an institutional framework for Member States, with the perspective of trying to reach agreements between them, which would be eventually transferred into resolutions and recommendations for one or to all Member States, adopted with a majority system.
Also, the Assembly can redact a Declaration of Principles, adopted by consensus of its members.
If it is believed to be necessary, the Assembly can request opinions to the Court of Justice of the Union, the High Commission for International Affairs and the Council for Economical Affairs about matters related to their functions.
In order to better accomplish its task, the Assembly can endorse a particular regulation, possibily through consensus or, if not possibile, with majority.
The Assembly, after a previous judgment of the Court of Justice, must endorse sanctions and punishments to all Member States which disrespect this Founding Treaty.
The Assembly must vote its President, who oversees and moderate its sessions, with a mandate of six months, not immediately renewable, with a majority system.


Article 4:

The Secretary General is the executive branch of the SECURS. He represents the Union, oversees (in the most important cases) the sessions of the Assembly, can suggest to the Assembly itself grounds for debate and eventually propose resolutions or recommendations; he also supports the WA Delegate during the sessions of the High Commission for International Affairs, being able to submit to the opinion of the Commission matters of particular concerns in its field of action; he can operate similarly with the Council for Economical Affairs.
The Secratariat is also the bailee and guarantee of all treaties concluded between Member States, which have to be submitted to him within one week after the ratification.
The position of Secretary General is held by the Head of State of the Kingdom of New Tarajan, as the Founder Nation of the Union, but he can abdicate this function: in this case, the mandate will become annual, and subject to the Assembly vote, with a majority of two thirds of its Members.
The Secretary is assisted by two Vice-Secretaries, personally choosen by him with the consent of the Assembly, who can covert his rule when absent.


Article 5:

The Council for Economical Affairs is the economic branch of the SECURS: its main goal is to provide a forum and an institutional framework for cooperation and integration between Member States in the field of economical policies.
It is composed by a representative from all Member States, with a President elected each six months with a simple majority system.
The Council express its function by enacting resolutions and recommendations in its field of competence, and promoting treaties inside the SECURS.
If necessary, the Council could vote an internal regulation by consensus.


Article 6:

The High Commission for International Affairs is the main body of the SECURS devoted to the promotion, instauration and support of diplomatic relations between SECURS and other organizations and nations.
It is also devoted to the promotion and progress of International Law, through the enactment of resolutions, recommendations and conventions between Member States or between the SECURS and other organizations. The endorsement is through a qualified majority of the two thirds of the Commission.
It is composed by three delegates for each Member States, and its President is the SECURS WA Delegate, elected each year by the Assembly by simple majority.
In order to provide a stable, reliable and effective international role to the SECURS, the endorsement to the WA Delegate activities is compulsory, except in the case of violation of the Treaty itself and its fundamental principles.
The Commission is the hub of diplomatic activities of all Member States, and it can enact binding resolutions in the field of international relations, in order to provide the SECURS with a homogeneous international diplomacy.
The Commission, if necessary, could decree an internal regulation by consensus.


Article 7:

The Court of Justice of the Union is the main judicial body of the SECURS. Its main goal is to provide consultation and arbitrage for all Member States and the Assembly, and to promote the respect and progress of International Law.
It is composed by three judges, elected by the Assembly, with the approval of the Secretary General, among the Member States.
The Court could be audited by a single Member State in order to request arbitrage for disputes with another Member State. Its judgment is binding; however, the same States could request another opinion on the same matter after two months (and within six months). After this, the new judgment is definitive.
In case one of the judges (Member State) is directly involved in the question posed to the Court, then the other two judges will choiche a temporary substitute among the other Member States not directly affected by the question itself.
The Court has also the responsibility to correctly interpret this Founding Treaty in case of gaps or misunderstandigs, and to supervise the respect of the Treaty itslef, eventually submiting to the Assembly a case of disrespect, with the obligation to follow as strictly as possibile the principles and ideals which lay behind the Treaty itself.


Article 8:

This Treaty will become immediately effective after the affixing of the signatures by Member States.
Before the apposition, a State could submit a reserve toward one or at least two Arcticle of the Treaty, justifying its position. In this case, the Assembly have to decide about the matter, approving or not the membership of this State.


Epilogue:

This Treaty can be modified by the Assembly, with a qualified majority of two thirds of the votes.
Abstention or not participation are not considered for the formation of the majority.

SOUTH-WESTERN SECURITY ORGANIZATION TREATY

Preamble


The States Parties to this Treaty  (hereinafter --“the Treaty”),

Acting in strict accordance with their obligations under the World Alliance Constitution
and the decisions of the World Alliance Government, and guided by the universally
recognized principles of international law,

Seeking to establish favourable and stable conditions for the full development of the
States Parties to the Treaty and to ensure their security, sovereignty and territorial integrity,
Reaffirming their commitment to the purposes and principles of the Treaty and the international
agreements and decisions adopted within its framework,

Determined further to develop and intensify their military and political cooperation in
the interests of ensuring and strengthening national, regional and international security,

Setting themselves the objective of maintaining and nurturing a close and comprehensive
alliance in the foreign policy, military and military technology fields and in the sphere
of countering transnational challenges and threats to the security of States and peoples,

Guided by their intention to enhance the effectiveness of their activities within the
framework of the Treaty,

Have agreed on the following:

CHAPTER I.

Article 1
The States Parties to the Treaty hereby establish the international regional South-Western Security Organization (hereinafter -- “the Organization”).

Article 2
The provisions of the Treaty and of international agreements and decisions by the
Council of Head of State and Government of the Organization adopted in the interests of the Treaty's further
development shall be binding on the member States of the Organization (hereinafter -- “the
member States”) and on the Organization itself.

CHAPTER II. PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES

Article 3
The purposes of the Organization are to strengthen peace and international and regional
security and stability and to ensure the collective defence of the independence, territorial
integrity and sovereignty of the member States, in the attainment of which the member
States shall give priority to political measures.

Article 4
In its activities the Organization shall cooperate with States which are not members of
the Organization and shall maintain relations with international intergovernmental organizations
which are active in the field of security. The Organization shall promote the formation
of a just and democratic world order based on the universally recognized principles of
international law.

Article 5
The Organization shall operate on the basis of strict respect for the independence, voluntary
participation and equality of rights and obligations of the member States and noninterference
in matters falling within the national jurisdiction of the member States.

Article 6
This Charter shall not affect the rights and obligations of the member States under other
international agreements to which they are party.

CHAPTER III. AREAS OF ACTIVITY

Article 7
In order to attain the purposes of the Organization, the member States shall take joint
measures to organize within its framework an effective collective security system, to establish
coalition (regional) groupings of forces and the corresponding administrative bodies
and create a military infrastructure, to train military staff and specialists for the armed forces
and to furnish the latter with the necessary arms and military technology.
The member States shall adopt a decision on the stationing of groupings of forces in
their territories and of military facilities of States which are not members of the Organization
after holding urgent consultations (reaching agreement) with the other member States.

Article 8
The member States shall coordinate and harmonize their efforts in combating international
terrorism and extremism, the illicit traffic in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances
and arms, organized transnational crime, illegal migration and other threats to the security
of the member States.
The member States shall carry out activities in these areas in close cooperation with all
interested States and international intergovernmental organizations, and primarily under
the auspices of the World Alliance Government and relative institutions.

Article 9
The member States shall agree upon and coordinate their foreign policy positions regarding
international and regional security problems, using, inter alia, the consultation
mechanisms and procedures of the Organization.

Article 10
The member States shall take measures to develop a treaty-law base that will govern
the functioning of the collective security system and to harmonize national legislation relating
to questions of defence, military construction and security.

CHAPTER IV. ORGANS OF THE ORGANIZATION

Article 11
The permanent working organ of the Organization shall be the Council of Head of States and Government (hereinafter -- “the Council”).
The functions and working procedures of the organs indicated above shall be governed
by this Treaty.

Article 12
Decisions of the Council concerning issues other than procedural questions shall be taken by consensus.
Each member State shall have one vote.
The decisions of the Council for the implementation of Council decisions shall be binding on the member States and shall be implemented according to the procedures established by national legislation.

Article 13
The Council shall be the highest organ of the Organization.
The Council shall consider the main questions concerning the activities of the Organization,
shall take decisions aimed at achieving its objectives and purposes and shall ensure
coordination and joint action between member States for the achievement of those objectives.
The Council shall consist of the Heads of the member States.
The Ministers for Foreign Affairs, Ministers of Defence and Secretaries of the Security
Councils of the member States, plenipotentiary representatives of the member States to the Organization and invited persons may attend meetings of the Council.
The Council shall have the power to establish permanent or temporary working and
subsidiary bodies of the Organization.
The Chairman of the Council (hereinafter -- “the Chairman”) shall be the Head of the
State elected by consensus of the other Member States.
If the Chairman is unable to perform his functions, a new Chairman shall be elected.

Article 14
The Secretary-General of the Organization (hereinafter -- “the Secretary-General”)
shall be the highest administrative official of the Organization and shall be the head of the
Secretariat.
The Secretary-General shall be appointed by consensual decision of the Council for a period of
three months.
The Secretary-General shall be answerable to the Council and shall participate in the
meetings of the Council.
The Secretary-General shall, in accordance with Council decisions, coordinate the
preparation of the relevant draft proposals and documents of the organs of the Organization
and maintain working contacts with other international intergovernmental organizations
and with States which are not members of the Organization.
The Secretary-General shall be the depositary of this Charter, of other international
agreements concluded within the framework of the Organization and of instruments that
are adopted.

CHAPTER VI. MEMBERSHIP

Article 15
Membership of the Organization is open to any State holding lands in the South-Western continent, including the near islands, and which shares its purposes and principles and is prepared to undertake the obligations set forth in this Treaty and other
international treaties and decisions which are in effect within the framework of the Organization.
Decisions on admission to the Organization shall be adopted by the Council.
Any member State may withdraw from the Organization. After settling its obligations
within the Organization, such State shall send to the depositary of the Charter official notification
of its withdrawal no later than six months before the date of withdrawal.

Article 16
In the event of non-fulfilment by a member State of the provisions of this Charter, decisions
of the Council or decisions of other organs of the Organization which have been
adopted for implementation, the Council may suspend its participation in the work of the
organs of the Organization.
In the event of persistent non-fulfilment of the above-mentioned obligations by a member
State, the Council may take a decision to expel such State from the Organization.
Decisions on such matters in relation to a member State shall be taken without counting
its vote.

CHAPTER VII. OBSERVERS

Article 17
Observer status to the Organization may be granted to States which are not members
of the Organization and also to international organizations on the basis of an official written
application addressed to the Secretary-General. Decisions on granting, suspending or terminating observer status shall be taken by the Council.

CHAPTER X. FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 18
This Treaty is subject to ratification and shall enter into force after the signatures of Member States.

Article 19
With the general consent of the member States, amendments and additions may be
made to this Treaty, and shall be drawn up in separate protocols.
Protocols on amendments and additions to the Treaty shall form an integral part thereof
and shall enter into force in accordance with the provisions of article 18 of this Treaty.
Reservations to the Treaty are not permitted.
Any disputes regarding the interpretation or application of the provisions of this Treaty
shall be resolved through consultations and negotiations between the member States
concerned. In the event that agreement cannot be achieved, disputes shall be referred to the
Council for consideration.

CONVENTION FOR THE PACIFIC SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES


Animated by a strong desire to concert for the maintenance of the general peace;

Resolved to second by their best efforts the friendly settlement of international disputes;

Recognizing the solidarity which unites the members of the society of civilized nations;

Desirous of extending the empire of law, and of strengthening the appreciation of international justice;

Convinced that the permanent institution of a Court of Arbitration, accessible to all, in the midst of the independent Powers, will contribute effectively to this result;

Having regard to the advantages attending the general and regular organization of arbitral procedure;

Sharing the opinion of the august Initiator of this initiative that it is expedient to record in an international Agreement the principles of equity and right on which are based the security of States and the welfare of peoples;


TITLE I. ON THE MAINTENANCE OF THE GENERAL PEACE

Article 1
With a view to obviating, as far as possible, recourse to force in the relations between States, the Signatory Powers agree to use their best efforts to insure the pacific settlement of international differences.

TITLE II. ON GOOD OFFICES AND MEDIATION

Article 2
In case of serious disagreement or conflict, before an appeal to arms, the Signatory Powers agree to have recourse, as far as circumstances allow, to the good offices or mediation of one or more friendly Powers.

Article 3
Independently of this recourse, the Signatory Powers recommend that one or more Powers, strangers to the dispute, should, on their own initiative, and as far as circumstances may allow, offer their good offices or mediation to the States at variance.
Powers, strangers to the dispute, have the right to offer good offices or mediation, even during the course of hostilities.
The exercise of this right can never be regarded by one or the other of the parties in conflict as an unfriendly act.

Article 4
The part of the mediator consists in reconciling the opposing claims and appeasing the feelings of resentment which may have arisen between the States at variance.

Article 5
The functions of the mediator are at an end when once it is declared, either by one of the parties to the dispute, or by the mediator himself, that the means of reconciliation proposed by him are not accepted.

Article 6
Good offices and mediation, either at the request of the parties at variance, or on the initiative of Powers strangers to the dispute, have exclusively the character of advice and never have binding force.

Article 7
The acceptance of mediation can not, unless there be an agreement to the contrary, have the effect of interrupting, delaying, or hindering mobilization or other measures of preparation for war.
If mediation, occurs after the commencement of hostilities it causes no interruption to the military operations in progress, unless there be an agreement to the contrary.

Article 8
The Signatory Powers are agreed in recommending the application, when circumstances allow, of special mediation in the following form:
In case of a serious difference endangering the peace, the States at variance choose respectively a Power, to whom they intrust the mission of entering into direct communication with the Power chosen on the other side, with the object of preventing the rupture of pacific relations.
For the period of this mandate, the term of which, unless otherwise stipulated, cannot exceed thirty days, the States in conflict cease from all direct communication on the subject of the dispute, which is regarded as referred exclusively to the mediating Powers, who must use their best efforts to settle it.
In case of a definite rupture of pacific relations, these Powers are charged with the joint task of taking advantage of any opportunity to restore peace.

TITLE III. ON INTERNATIONAL COMMISSIONS OF INQUIRY

Article 9
In differences of an international nature involving neither honor nor vital interests, and arising from a difference of opinion on points of fact, the Signatory Powers recommend that the parties, who have not been able to come to an agreement by means of diplomacy, should as far as circumstances allow, institute an International Commission of Inquiry, to facilitate a solution of these differences by elucidating the facts by means of an impartial and conscientious investigation.

Article 10
The International Commissions of Inquiry are constituted by special agreement between the parties in conflict.
The Convention for an inquiry defines the facts to be examined and the extent of the Commissioners' powers.
It settles the procedure.
On the inquiry both sides must be heard.
The form and the periods to be observed, if not stated in the inquiry Convention, are decided by the Commission itself.

Article 11
The International Commissions of Inquiry are formed, unless otherwise stipulated, in the manner fixed by Article 32 of the present convention.

Article 12
The powers in dispute engage to supply the International Commission of Inquiry, as fully as they may think possible, with all means and facilities necessary to enable it to be completely acquainted with and to accurately understand the facts in question.

Article 13
The International Commission of Inquiry communicates its Report to the conflicting Powers, signed by all the members of the Commission.

Article 14
The report of the International Commission of Inquiry is limited to a statement of facts, and has in no way the character of an Arbitral Award. It leaves the conflicting Powers entire freedom as to the effect to be given to this statement.

TITLE IV. ON INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION

CHAPTER I. On the System of Arbitration

Article 15
International arbitration has for its object the settlement of differences between States by judges of their own choice, and on the basis of respect for law.

Article 16
In questions of a legal nature, and especially in the interpretation or application of International Conventions, arbitration is recognized by the Signatory Powers as the most effective, and at the same time the most equitable, means of settling disputes which diplomacy has failed to settle.

Article 17
The Arbitration Convention is concluded for questions already existing or for questions which may arise eventually.
It may embrace any dispute or only disputes of a certain category.

Article 18
The Arbitration Convention implies the engagement to submit loyally to the Award.

Article 19
Independently of general or private Treaties expressly stipulating recourse to arbitration as obligatory on the Signatory Powers, these Powers reserve to themselves the right of concluding, either before the ratification of the present Act or later, new Agreements, general or private, with a view to extending obligatory arbitration to all cases which they may consider it possible to submit to it.

CHAPTER II. On the Permanent Court of Arbitration

Article 20
With the object of facilitating an immediate recourse to arbitration for international differences, which it has not been possible to settle by diplomacy, the Signatory Powers undertake to organize a permanent Court of Arbitration, accessible at all times and operating, unless otherwise stipulated by the parties, in accordance with the Rules of Procedure inserted in the present Convention.

Article 21
The Permanent Court shall be competent for all arbitration cases, unless the parties agree to institute a special Tribunal.

Article 22
When the Signatory Powers desire to have recourse to the Permanent Court for the settlement of a difference that has arisen between them, the Arbitrators called upon to form the competent Tribunal to decide this difference, must be chosen from the general list of members of the Court.
Failing the direct agreement of the parties on the composition of the Arbitration Tribunal, the following course shall be pursued:
Each party appoints one Arbitrator, and the Arbitrators together choose an Umpire.
If the votes are equal, the choice of the Umpire is entrusted to a third Power, selected by the parties by common accord.
If an agreement is not arrived at on this subject, each party selects a different Power, and the choice of the Umpire is made in concert by the Powers thus selected.
The Tribunal being thus composed, the parties notify to the Bureau their determination to have recourse to the Court and the names of the Arbitrators.
The Tribunal of Arbitration assembles on the date fixed by the parties.
The Members of the Court, in the discharge of their duties and out of their own country, enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities.

Article 23
The Tribunal of Arbitration has its ordinary seat at Vieneskel.
Except in cases of necessity, the place of session can only be altered by the Tribunal with the assent of the parties.

Article 24
The jurisdiction of the Permanent Court, may, within the conditions laid down in the Regulations, be extended to disputes between non-Signatory Powers, or between Signatory Powers and non-Signatory Powers, if the parties are agreed on recourse to this Tribunal.

Article 25
The Signatory Powers consider it their duty, if a serious dispute threatens to break out between two or more of them, to remind these latter that the Permanent Court is open to them.
Consequently, they declare that the fact of reminding the conflicting parties of the provisions of the present Convention, and the advice given to them, in the highest interests of peace, to have recourse to the Permanent Court, can only be regarded as friendly actions.

CHAPTER III. On Arbitral Procedure

Article 26
With a view to encourage the development of arbitration, the Signatory Powers have agreed on the following Rules which shall be applicable to arbitral procedure, unless other rules have been agreed on by the parties.

Article 27
The Powers who have recourse to arbitration will notify to the Court about their decision to call for its judgement, specifying the nature and the causes of the disputes with two separate joint statements.

Article 28
The duties of Arbitrator may be conferred on one Arbitrator alone or on several Arbitrators selected by the parties as they please, or chosen by them from the members of the permanent Court of Arbitration established by the present Act.
Failing the constitution of the Tribunal by direct agreement between the parties, the following course shall be pursued:
Each party appoints one arbitrator, and these latter together choose an Umpire.
In case of equal voting, the choice of the Umpire is instructed to a third Power, selected by the parties by common accord.
If no agreement is arrived at on this subject, each party selects a different Power, and the choice of the Umpire is made in concert by the Powers thus selected.

Article 29
The Umpire is by right President of the Tribunal.
When the Tribunal does not include an Umpire it appoints its own President.

Article 30
The Tribunal's place of session is in Vieneskel. The place thus fixed cannot, except in case of necessity, be changed by the Tribunal without the assent of the parties.

Article 31
The parties have the right to appoint delegates or special agents to attend the Tribunal, for the purpose of serving as intermediaries between them and the Tribunal.
They are further authorized to retain, for the defense of their rights and interests before the Tribunal, counsel or advocates appointed by them for this purpose.

Article 32
As a general rule the arbitral procedure comprises two distinct phases: preliminary examination and discussion.
Preliminary examination consists in the communication by the respective agents to the members of the Tribunal and to the opposite party of all printed or written Acts and of all documents containing the arguments invoked in the case. This communication shall be made in the form and within the periods fixed by the Tribunal in accordance with Article 49.
Discussion consists in the oral development before the Tribunal of the arguments of the parties.

Article 33
Every document produced by one party must be communicated to the other party.

Article 34
The discussions are under the direction of the President.
They are only public if it be so decided by the Tribunal, with the assent of the parties.

Article 35
When the preliminary examination is concluded, the Tribunal has the right to refuse discussion of all fresh Acts or documents which one party may desire to submit to it without the consent of the other party.

Article 36
The Tribunal is free to take into consideration fresh Acts or documents to which its attention may be drawn by the agents or counsel of the parties.
In this case, the Tribunal has the right to require the production of these Acts or documents, but is obliged to make them known to the opposite party.

Article 37
The Tribunal can, besides, require from the agents of the parties the production of all Acts, and can demand all necessary explanations. In case of refusal, the Tribunal takes note of it.

Article 38
The agents and counsel of the parties are authorized to present orally to the Tribunal all the arguments they may think expedient in defence of their case.

Article 39
They have the right to raise objections and points. The decisions of the Tribunal on those points are final, and can not form the subject of any subsequent discussion.

Article 40
The members of the Tribunal have the right to put questions to the agents and counsel of the parties, and to demand explanations from them on doubtful points.
Neither the questions put nor the remarks made by members of the Tribunal during the discussions can be regarded as an expression of opinion by the Tribunal in general, or by its members in particular.

Article 41
The Tribunal is authorized to declare its competence in interpreting the compromise as well as the other Treaties which may be invoked in the case, and in applying the principles of international law.

Article 42
The Tribunal has the right to issue Rules of Procedure for the conduct of the case, to decide the forms and periods within which each party must conclude its arguments, and to arrange all the formalities required for dealing with the evidence.

Article 43
When the agents and counsel of the parties have submitted all explanations and evidence in support of their case, the President pronounces the discussion closed.

Article 44
The deliberations of the Tribunal take place in private. Every decision is taken by a majority of members of the Tribunal.
The refusal of a member to vote must be recorded.

Article 45
The award, given by a majority of votes, is accompanied by a statement of reasons. It is drawn up in writing.
Those members who are in the minority may record their dissent in the written form.

Article 46
The award, duly pronounced and notified to the agents of the parties at variance, puts an end to the dispute definitively and without appeal.

Article 47
The parties can reserve in the compromise the right to demand the revision of the award.
In this case, and unless there be an agreement to the contrary, the demand must be addressed to the Tribunal which pronounced the award. It can only be made on the ground of the discovery of some new fact calculated to exercise a decisive influence on the award, and which, at the time the discussion was closed, was unknown to the Tribunal and to the party demanding the revision.
Proceedings for revision can only be instituted by a decision of the Tribunal expressly recording the existence of the new fact, recognizing in it the character described in the foregoing paragraph, and declaring the demand admissible on this ground.
The compromise fixes the period within which the demand for revision must be made.

Article 48
The award is only binding on the parties who concluded the compromise.
When there is a question of interpreting a Convention to which Powers other than those concerned in the dispute are parties, the latter notify to the former the compromise they have concluded. Each of these Powers has the right to intervene in the case. If one or more of them avail themselves of this right, the interpretation contained in the award is equally binding on them.

Article 49
The present Convention shall be ratified as speedily as possible.
The ratifications shall be deposited at Astana.

Article 50
In the event of one of the High Contracting Parties denouncing the present Convention, this denunciation would not take effect until a year after its notification made in writing to the Netherlands Government, and by it communicated at once to all the other Contracting Powers.
This denunciation shall only affect the notifying Power.


In faith of which the Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Convention and affixed their seals to it.